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Controversial STEM Jobs Act Proposes to transfer 55,000 visas from Diversity Visa Lottery to Masters and Ph.D. Graduates in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

Regions and eligible countries for the Diversi...

Eligible countries for the Diversity Visa Lottery (Credit: Wikipedia)

The controversial H.R. 6429, otherwise known as the “STEM Jobs Act” (Rep. Smith, R-TX & 68 cosponsors) proposes to create new “V” visa categories for families awaiting reunification as well as visas for Ph.D and Masters graduates in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.  The Act would, however, eliminate the (poorly implementedDiversity Visa Lottery program that makes green cards available to certain individuals from countries with low rates of immigration to the United States.  The STEM Jobs Act has made it through the House, but will be almost certainly defeated in the Senate, where Democrats hold both a majority and a soft spot for the Lottery.

The White House, despite having repeatedly highlighted the substantial deficiency the nation faces in the STEM fields,  has quickly declared its opposition to the STEM Jobs Act, indicating that it “does not support narrowly tailored proposals that do not meet the President’s long-term objectives with respect to comprehensive immigration reform.”  In other words, the Administration wants immigration reform on an ‘all or nothing’ basis.  This is more than a little puzzling given that during the latest election cycle, President Obama repeatedly raised the issue of the many difficult decisions necessitated in the short-term so as to invigorate the U.S. economy.  This is not one of those difficult decisions.

ETA 9089 PERM System Down for Several Days – AILA Investigating

The seal of the United States Department of Labor

The seal of the United States Department of Labor (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

The Department of Labor has been experiencing technical problems with the PERM system, which still remains unavailable.

Read More…

Data on Adjustment of Status

I-485 Performance Data

This report contains information on adjustment of status applications. The number of receipts, approvals, denials, and pending cases are displayed by fiscal year and by office.
The reports are available both in comma delimited (csv) and Adobe pdf file formats.


Read More…

EB-2 Priority Date Movement in FY2012 for China-mainland Born and India expected to retrogress to August 15, 2007

More bad news for Indian and Mainland Chinese born applicants.  The Chief of Immigrant Visa Control & Reporting in the State Department, Charlie Oppenheim, confirmed with the American Immigration Lawyers Association recently that priority date movement in the EB-2 category for China-mainland born and India for the remainder of FY2012 will retrogress. 
The May Visa Bulletin for the employment based second preference (EB-2) for China and India is expected to retrogress August 15, 2007. Evidently the increasing numbers of such applications require DOS to freeze EB-2 movement. There is presently no information as to estimates of EB-2 movement for China and India for the rest of the years. USCIS indicates that it will maintain its policy of preadjudicating adjustment of status (AOS) cases that were received through April. These cases will be frozen by the State Department until movement can potentially resume, from June/July onwards.

Visa Bulletin For March 2012

A. STATUTORY NUMBERS

1. This bulletin summarizes the availability of immigrant numbers during March. Consular officers are required to report to the Department of State documentarily qualified applicants for numerically limited visas; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services in the Department of Homeland Security reports applicants for adjustment of status. Allocations were made, to the extent possible, in chronological order of reported priority dates, for demand received by February 8th.  If not all demand could be satisfied, the category or foreign state in which demand was excessive was deemed oversubscribed. The cut-off date for an oversubscribed category is the priority date of the first applicant who could not be reached within the numerical limits. Only applicants who have a priority date earlier than the cut-off date may be allotted a number. If it becomes necessary during the monthly allocation process to retrogress a cut-off date, supplemental requests for numbers will be honored only if the priority date falls within the new cut-off date announced in this bulletin.

2. Section 201 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) sets an annual minimum family-sponsored preference limit of 226,000. The worldwide level for annual employment-based preference immigrants is at least 140,000. Section 202 prescribes that the per-country limit for preference immigrants is set at 7% of the total annual family-sponsored and employment-based preference limits, i.e., 25,620. The dependent area limit is set at 2%, or 7,320.

3. INA Section 203(e) provides that family-sponsored and employment-based preference visas be issued to eligible immigrants in the order in which a petition in behalf of each has been filed. Section 203(d) provides that spouses and children of preference immigrants are entitled to the same status, and the same order of consideration, if accompanying or following to join the principal. The visa prorating provisions of Section 202(e) apply to allocations for a foreign state or dependent area when visa demand exceeds the per-country limit. These provisions apply at present to the following oversubscribed chargeability areas: CHINA-mainland born, INDIA, MEXICO, and PHILIPPINES.

4. Section 203(a) of the INA prescribes preference classes for allotment of Family-sponsored immigrant visas as follows:

FAMILY-SPONSORED PREFERENCES

First: (F1) Unmarried Sons and Daughters of U.S. Citizens: 23,400 plus any numbers not required for fourth preference.

Second: Spouses and Children, and Unmarried Sons and Daughters of Permanent Residents: 114,200, plus the number (if any) by which the worldwide family preference level exceeds 226,000, plus any unused first preference numbers:

A. (F2A) Spouses and Children of Permanent Residents: 77% of the overall second preference limitation, of which 75% are exempt from the per-country limit;

B. (F2B) Unmarried Sons and Daughters (21 years of age or older) of Permanent Residents: 23% of the overall second preference limitation.

Third: (F3) Married Sons and Daughters of U.S. Citizens: 23,400, plus any numbers not required by first and second preferences.

Fourth: (F4) Brothers and Sisters of Adult U.S. Citizens: 65,000, plus any numbers not required by first three preferences.

On the chart below, the listing of a date for any class indicates that the class is oversubscribed (see paragraph 1); “C” means current, i.e., numbers are available for all qualified applicants; and “U” means unavailable, i.e., no numbers are available. (NOTE: Numbers are available only for applicants whose priority date is earlier than the cut-off date listed below.)

Family-Sponsored All Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed CHINA-mainland born INDIA MEXICO PHILIPPINES
F1 01FEB05 01FEB05 01FEB05 01MAY93 22JUN97
F2A 22JUL09 22JUL09 22JUL09 01JUL09  22JUL09
F2B 15NOV03 15NOV03 15NOV03 01DEC92 08DEC01
F3 01JAN02 01JAN02 01JAN02 08JAN93 22JUL92
F4 08OCT00 08OCT00 08OCT00 22MAY96 22DEC88

*NOTE:  For March, F2A numbers EXEMPT from per-country limit are available to applicants from all countries with priority dates earlier than 01JUL09.  F2A numbersSUBJECT to per-country limit are available to applicants chargeable to all countriesEXCEPT MEXICO with priority dates beginning 01JUL09 and earlier than 22JUL09.  (All F2A numbers provided for MEXICO are exempt from the per-country limit; there are no F2A numbers for MEXICO subject to per-country limit.)

5. Section 203(b) of the INA prescribes preference classes for allotment of Employment-based immigrant visas as follows:

EMPLOYMENT-BASED PREFERENCES

First: Priority Workers: 28.6% of the worldwide employment-based preference level, plus any numbers not required for fourth and fifth preferences.

Second: Members of the Professions Holding Advanced Degrees or Persons of Exceptional Ability: 28.6% of the worldwide employment-based preference level, plus any numbers not required by first preference.

Third: Skilled Workers, Professionals, and Other Workers: 28.6% of the worldwide level, plus any numbers not required by first and second preferences, not more than 10,000 of which to “*Other Workers”.

Fourth: Certain Special Immigrants: 7.1% of the worldwide level.

Fifth: Employment Creation: 7.1% of the worldwide level, not less than 3,000 of which reserved for investors in a targeted rural or high-unemployment area, and 3,000 set aside for investors in regional centers by Sec. 610 of Pub. L. 102-395.

On the chart below, the listing of a date for any class indicates that the class is oversubscribed (see paragraph 1); “C” means current, i.e., numbers are available for all qualified applicants; and “U” means unavailable, i.e., no numbers are available. (NOTE: Numbers are available only for applicants whose priority date is earlier than the cut-off date listed below.)

Employment- Based

All Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed

CHINA- mainland born INDIA MEXICO PHILIPPINES
1st C C C C C
2nd C 01MAY10 01MAY10 C C
3rd 15MAR06 01JAN05 22AUG02 15MAR06 15MAR06
Other Workers 15MAR06 22APR03 22AUG02 15MAR06 15MAR06
4th C C C C C
Certain Religious Workers C C C C C

5th
Targeted
Employment
Areas/
Regional Centers
and Pilot Programs

C C C C C

*Employment Third Preference Other Workers Category: Section 203(e) of the Nicaraguan and Central American Relief Act (NACARA) passed by Congress in November 1997, as amended by Section 1(e) of Pub. L. 105-139, provides that once the Employment Third Preference Other Worker (EW) cut-off date has reached the priority date of the latest EW petition approved prior to November 19, 1997, the 10,000 EW numbers available for a fiscal year are to be reduced by up to 5,000 annually beginning in the following fiscal year. This reduction is to be made for as long as necessary to offset adjustments under the NACARA program. Since the EW cut-off date reached November 19, 1997 during Fiscal Year 2001, the reduction in the EW annual limit to 5,000 began in Fiscal Year 2002.

6. The Department of State has a recorded message with visa availability information which can be heard at: (202) 663-1541. This recording is updated on or about the tenth of each month with information on cut-off dates for the following month.

B. DIVERSITY IMMIGRANT (DV) CATEGORY

Section 203(c) of the INA provides up to 55,000 immigrant visas each fiscal year to permit additional immigration opportunities for persons from countries with low admissions during the previous five years. The NACARA stipulates that beginning with DV-99, and for as long as necessary, up to 5,000 of the 55,000 annually-allocated diversity visas will be made available for use under the NACARA program. This resulted in reduction of the DV-2012 annual limit to 50,000. DV visas are divided among six geographic regions. No one country can receive more than seven percent of the available diversity visas in any one year.

For March, immigrant numbers in the DV category are available to qualified DV-2012 applicants chargeable to all regions/eligible countries as follows. When an allocation cut-off number is shown, visas are available only for applicants with DV regional lottery rank numbers BELOW the specified allocation cut-off number:

Region All DV Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed Separately  
AFRICA 35,800 Except: Egypt  26,000
Ethiopia  26,000
Nigeria 17,500
ASIA 27,000  
EUROPE 26,500 Except: Uzbekistan 16,500
NORTH AMERICA (BAHAMAS) 7  
OCEANIA 925
 
SOUTH AMERICA, and the CARIBBEAN 925  

Entitlement to immigrant status in the DV category lasts only through the end of the fiscal (visa) year for which the applicant is selected in the lottery. The year of entitlement for all applicants registered for the DV-2012 program ends as of September 30, 2012. DV visas may not be issued to DV-2012 applicants after that date. Similarly, spouses and children accompanying or following to join DV-2012 principals are only entitled to derivative DV status until September 30, 2012. DV visa availability through the very end of FY-2012 cannot be taken for granted. Numbers could be exhausted prior to September 30.

C. ADVANCE NOTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY (DV) IMMIGRANT CATEGORY RANK CUT-OFFS WHICH WILL APPLY IN MARCH

For April, immigrant numbers in the DV category are available to qualified DV-2012 applicants chargeable to all regions/eligible countries as follows. When an allocation cut-off number is shown, visas are available only for applicants with DV regional lottery rank numbers BELOW the specified allocation cut-off number:

Region All DV Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed Separately  
AFRICA 39,000 Except: Egypt 29,500
Ethiopia 29,500
Nigeria 20,000
ASIA 32,600  
EUROPE 32,000 Except: Uzbekistan 16,500
NORTH AMERICA (BAHAMAS) 9  
OCEANIA 1,000  
SOUTH AMERICA, and the CARIBBEAN 1,000  

D. OBTAINING THE MONTHLY VISA BULLETIN

The Department of State’s Bureau of Consular Affairs publishes the monthly Visa Bulletin on their website at www.travel.state.gov under the Visas section. Alternatively, visitors may access the Visa Bulletin directly by going to:

http://www.travel.state.gov/visa/bulletin/bulletin_1360.html

To be placed on the Department of State’s E-mail subscription list for the “Visa Bulletin”, please send an E-mail to the following E-mail address:

listserv@calist.state.gov

and in the message body type:
Subscribe Visa-Bulletin First name/Last name
(example: Subscribe Visa-Bulletin Sally Doe)

To be removed from the Department of State’s E-mail subscription list for the “Visa Bulletin”, send an e-mail message to the following E-mail address:

listserv@calist.state.gov

and in the message body type: Signoff Visa-Bulletin

The Department of State also has available a recorded message with visa cut-off dates which can be heard at: (202) 663-1541. The recording is normally updated by the middle of each month with information on cut-off dates for the following month.

Readers may submit questions regarding Visa Bulletin related items by E-mail at the following address:

VISABULLETIN@STATE.GOV

(This address cannot be used to subscribe to the Visa Bulletin.)

Department of State Publication 9514
CA/VO: Febuary 8, 2012

HR 3012, the Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act Update

VIA AILA.org
HR 3012, the Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act would act to remove employment based per-country cap entirely by fiscal year 2015 and raise the family-sponsored per-country cap from 7% to 15%.
On 11/29/2011 the House passed HR 3012 with no additional amendments. It is now to be forwarded onto the Senate for review. 

Visa Bulletin For December 2011 – EB-2 India/China Advances to March 15 2008

A. STATUTORY NUMBERS

1. This bulletin summarizes the availability of immigrant numbers during December. Consular officers are required to report to the Department of State documentarily qualified applicants for numerically limited visas; U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services in the Department of Homeland Security reports applicants for adjustment of status. Allocations were made, to the extent possible, in chronological order of reported priority dates, for demand received by November 8th. If not all demand could be satisfied, the category or foreign state in which demand was excessive was deemed oversubscribed. The cut-off date for an oversubscribed category is the priority date of the first applicant who could not be reached within the numerical limits. Only applicants who have a priority date earlier than the cut-off date may be allotted a number. If it becomes necessary during the monthly allocation process to retrogress a cut-off date, supplemental requests for numbers will be honored only if the priority date falls within the new cut-off date announced in this bulletin.

2. Section 201 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) sets an annual minimum family-sponsored preference limit of 226,000.  The worldwide level for annual employment-based preference immigrants is at least 140,000.  Section 202 prescribes that the per-country limit for preference immigrants is set at 7% of the total annual family-sponsored and employment-based preference limits, i.e., 25,620.  The dependent area limit is set at 2%, or 7,320.

3. INA Section 203(e) provides that family-sponsored and employment-based preference visas be issued to eligible immigrants in the order in which a petition in behalf of each has been filed.  Section 203(d) provides that spouses and children of preference immigrants are entitled to the same status, and the same order of consideration, if accompanying or following to join the principal.  The visa prorating provisions of Section 202(e) apply to allocations for a foreign state or dependent area when visa demand exceeds the per-country limit.  These provisions apply at present to the following oversubscribed chargeability areas:  CHINA-mainland born, INDIA, MEXICO, and PHILIPPINES.

4.  Section 203(a) of the INA prescribes preference classes for allotment of Family-sponsored immigrant visas as follows:         

FAMILY-SPONSORED PREFERENCES

First:  (F1) Unmarried Sons and Daughters of U.S. Citizens:  23,400 plus any numbers not required for fourth preference.

Second
:  Spouses and Children, and Unmarried Sons and Daughters of Permanent
Residents:  114,200, plus the number (if any) by which the worldwide family preference level exceeds 226,000, plus any unused first preference numbers:

A. (F2A) Spouses and Children of Permanent Residents:  77% of the overall second preference limitation, of which 75% are exempt from the per-country limit;

 B. (F2B) Unmarried Sons and Daughters (21 years of age or older) of Permanent Residents:  23% of the overall second preference limitation.

Third:  (F3) Married Sons and Daughters of U.S. Citizens:  23,400, plus any numbers not required by first and second preferences.

Fourth:  (F4) Brothers and Sisters of Adult U.S. Citizens:  65,000, plus any numbers not required by first three preferences.

On the chart below, the listing of a date for any class indicates that the class is oversubscribed (see paragraph 1); “C” means current, i.e., numbers are available for all qualified applicants; and “U” means unavailable, i.e., no numbers are available.  (NOTE:  Numbers are available only for applicants whose priority date is earlier than the cut-off date listed below.)

Family-Sponsored All Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed CHINA-mainland born INDIA MEXICO PHILIPPINES
F1 01SEP04 01SEP04 01SEP04 08APR93 01MAR97
F2A 22MAR09 22MAR09 22MAR09 08FEB09 22MAR09
F2B 15AUG03 15AUG03 15AUG03 22NOV92 15AUG01
F3 08OCT01 08OCT01 08OCT01 15DEC92 08JUL92
F4 15JUL00 15JUL00 15JUL00 01MAY96 08SEP88

*NOTE:  For December, F2A numbers EXEMPT from per-country limit are available to applicants from all countries with priority dates earlier than 08FEB09.  F2A numbersSUBJECT to per-country limit are available to applicants chargeable to all countries EXCEPT MEXICO with priority dates beginning 08FEB09 and earlier than 22MAR09.  (All F2A numbers provided for MEXICO are exempt from the per-country limit; there are no F2A numbers for MEXICO subject to per-country limit.)

5.  Section 203(b) of the INA prescribes preference classes for allotment of Employment-based immigrant visas as follows:         

EMPLOYMENT-BASED PREFERENCES

First: Priority Workers:  28.6% of the worldwide employment-based preference level, plus any numbers not required for fourth and fifth preferences.

Second: Members of the Professions Holding Advanced Degrees or Persons of Exceptional Ability:  28.6% of the worldwide employment-based preference level, plus any numbers not required by first preference.      

Third: Skilled Workers, Professionals, and Other Workers:  28.6% of the worldwide level, plus any numbers not required by first and second preferences, not more than 10,000 of which to “*Other Workers”.

Fourth: Certain Special Immigrants:  7.1% of the worldwide level.

Fifth: Employment Creation:  7.1% of the worldwide level, not less than 3,000 of which reserved for investors in a targeted rural or high-unemployment area, and 3,000 set aside for investors in regional centers by Sec. 610 of Pub. L. 102-395.

On the chart below, the listing of a date for any class indicates that the class is oversubscribed (see paragraph 1); “C” means current, i.e., numbers are available for all qualified applicants; and “U” means unavailable, i.e.,
no numbers are available.  (NOTE:  Numbers are available only for applicants whose priority date is earlier than the cut-off date listed below.)

Employment- Based

All Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed

CHINA- mainland born INDIA MEXICO PHILIPPINES
1st C C C C C
2nd C 15MAR08 15MAR08 C C
3rd 15JAN06 08SEP04 01AUG02 15JAN06 15JAN06
Other Workers 01JAN06 22APR03 22JUL02 01JAN06 01JAN06
4th C C C C C
Certain Religious Workers C C C C C

5th
Targeted
Employment
Areas/
Regional Centers
and Pilot Programs

C C C C C

*Employment Third Preference Other Workers Category:  Section 203(e) of the Nicaraguan and Central American Relief Act (NACARA) passed by Congress in November 1997, as amended by Section 1(e) of Pub. L. 105-139, provides that once the Employment Third Preference Other Worker (EW) cut-off date has reached the priority date of the latest EW petition approved prior to November 19, 1997, the 10,000 EW numbers available for a fiscal year are to be reduced by up to 5,000 annually beginning in the following fiscal year.  This reduction is to be made for as long as necessary to offset adjustments under the NACARA program.  Since the EW cut-off date reached November 19, 1997 during Fiscal Year 2001, the reduction in the EW annual limit to 5,000 began in Fiscal Year 2002.

6.  The Department of State has a recorded message with visa availability information which can be heard at:  (202) 663-1541.  This recording is updated on or about the tenth of each month with information on cut-off dates for the following month.

B. DIVERSITY IMMIGRANT (DV) CATEGORY

Section 203(c) of the INA provides up to 55,000 immigrant visas each fiscal year to permit additional immigration opportunities for persons from countries with low admissions during the previous five years.  The NACARA stipulates that beginning with DV-99, and for as long as necessary, up to 5,000 of the 55,000 annually-allocated diversity visas will be made available for use under the NACARA program.  This resulted in reduction of the DV-2012 annual limit to 50,000.  DV visas are divided among six geographic regions.  No one country can receive more than seven percent of the available diversity visas in any one year.

For December, immigrant numbers in the DV category are available to qualified DV-2012 applicants chargeable to all regions/eligible countries as follows. When an allocation cut-off number is shown, visas are available only for applicants with DV regional lottery rank numbers BELOW the specified allocation cut-off number:

Region All DV Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed Separately  
AFRICA 18,500 Except: Egypt 12,700
Ethiopia  13,500
Nigeria 12,000
ASIA 15,000  
EUROPE 13,500  
NORTH AMERICA (BAHAMAS) 5  
OCEANIA 575  
SOUTH AMERICA, and the CARIBBEAN 600  

Entitlement to immigrant status in the DV category lasts only through the end of the fiscal (visa) year for which the applicant is selected in the lottery.  The year of entitlement for all applicants registered for the DV-2012 program ends as of September 30, 2012.  DV visas may not be issued to DV-2012 applicants after that date.  Similarly, spouses and children accompanying or following to join DV-2012 principals are only entitled to derivative DV status until September 30, 2012.  DV visa availability through the very end of FY-2012 cannot be taken for granted.  Numbers could be exhausted prior to September 30.

C. ADVANCE NOTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY (DV) IMMIGRANT CATEGORY RANK CUT-OFFS WHICH WILL APPLY IN JANUARY

For January, immigrant numbers in the DV category are available to qualified DV-2012 applicants chargeable to all regions/eligible countries as follows. When an allocation cut-off number is shown, visas are available only for applicants with DV regional lottery rank numbers BELOW the specified allocation cut-off number:

Region All DV Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed Separately  
AFRICA 24,700 Except: Egypt  16,800
Ethiopia  16,800
Nigeria 14,500
ASIA 18,500  
EUROPE 16,500  
NORTH AMERICA (BAHAMAS) 6  
OCEANIA 650  
SOUTH AMERICA, and the CARIBBEAN 675  


D. OBTAINING THE MONTHLY VISA BULLETIN

The Department of State’s Bureau of Consular Affairs publishes the monthly Visa Bulletin on their website at www.travel.state.gov under the Visas section. Alternatively, visitors may access the Visa Bulletin directly by going to:

http://www.travel.state.gov/visa/bulletin/bulletin_1360.html

To be placed on the Department of State’s E-mail subscription list for the “Visa Bulletin”, please send an E-mail to the following E-mail address:

listserv@calist.state.gov

and in the message body type:
Subscribe Visa-Bulletin First name/Last name
(example:  Subscribe Visa-Bulletin  Sally Doe)

To be removed from the Department of State’s E-mail subscription list for the  “Visa Bulletin”, send an e-mail message to the following E-mail address:

listserv@calist.state.gov

and in the message body type: Signoff Visa-Bulletin

The Department of State also has available a recorded message with visa cut-off dates which can be heard at:  (area code 202) 663-1541.  The recording is normally updated by the middle of each month with information on cut-off dates for the following month.

Readers may submit questions regarding Visa Bulletin related items by
E-mail at the following address:

VISABULLETIN@STATE.GOV

(This address cannot be used to subscribe to the Visa Bulletin.) 

Department of State Publication 9514
CA/VO:November 8, 2011

The Office of Foreign Labor Certification is providing an update to the public on its plans for becoming current on issuing prevailing wage determinations for PERM, H-1B and H-2B cases

foreignlaborcert.doleta.gov

The Office of Foreign Labor Certification is providing this update to the public on its plans for becoming current on issuing prevailing wage determinations:

PERM: Week of October 23, 2011
H-1B: Week of November 6, 2011
H-2B: Week of December 18, 2011

“Current” carries a different meaning in each program. A prevailing wage determination is “current” in the PERM and H-1B programs when it is issued within 60 days of submission. For H-2B prevailing wage determinations, “current” is within 30 days of submission in accordance with the program’s regulations. These dates may be subject to change based on actions not anticipated by the Department at this time such as any additional judicial determinations. The PWD appeals are being processed as resources allow with priority being placed on becoming current on initial PWD requests in each of the respective program areas.

Visa Bulletin For November 2011

Important Information on China-mainland
born and
 India employment-based second preference visa availability in the coming months:

“The
November Employment-based Second preference cut-off date for
applicants from China 
and India is
the most favorable since August 2007.  This advancement is expected to
generate significant levels of demand based on new filings for adjustment of
status at U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services offices.  While
significant future cut-off date movements are anticipated, they may not be made
on a monthly basis.  Readers should not expect such movements to be the
norm throughout the fiscal year, and an eventual retrogression of the cut-off
at some point during the year is a distinct possibility.”

—————

Visa Bulletin for November 2011

Number 38
Volume IX
Washington, D.C.

A. STATUTORY NUMBERS

1. This bulletin summarizes the availability of
immigrant numbers duringNovember.
Consular officers are required to report to the Department of State
documentarily qualified applicants for numerically limited visas; U.S.
Citizenship and Immigration Services in the Department of Homeland Security
reports applicants for adjustment of status. Allocations were made, to the
extent possible, in chronological order of reported priority dates, for demand
received by October 5th. If not all demand could be
satisfied, the category or foreign state in which demand was excessive was
deemed oversubscribed. The cut-off date for an oversubscribed category is the
priority date of the first applicant who could not be reached within the
numerical limits. Only applicants who have a priority dateearlier than the cut-off date may be allotted a
number. If it becomes necessary during the monthly allocation process to
retrogress a cut-off date, supplemental requests for numbers will be honored
only if the priority date falls within the new cut-off date announced in this
bulletin.

2. Section 201 of the Immigration and Nationality Act
(INA) sets an annual minimum family-sponsored preference limit of 226,000. The
worldwide level for annual employment-based preference immigrants is at least
140,000. Section 202 prescribes that the per-country limit for preference
immigrants is set at 7% of the total annual family-sponsored and
employment-based preference limits, i.e., 25,620. The dependent area limit is
set at 2%, or 7,320.

3. INA Section 203(e) provides that family-sponsored and
employment-based preference visas be issued to eligible immigrants in the order
in which a petition in behalf of each has been filed. Section 203(d) provides
that spouses and children of preference immigrants are entitled to the same
status, and the same order of consideration, if accompanying or following to
join the principal. The visa prorating provisions of Section 202(e) apply to
allocations for a foreign state or dependent area when visa demand exceeds the
per-country limit. These provisions apply at present to the following
oversubscribed chargeability areas: CHINA-mainland born, INDIA, MEXICO,
and PHILIPPINES.

4. Section 203(a) of the INA prescribes preference
classes for allotment of Family-sponsored immigrant visas as follows:

FAMILY-SPONSORED PREFERENCES

First:(F1) Unmarried Sons and Daughters of
U.S.
Citizens: 23,400 plus any numbers not required for fourth preference.

Second: Spouses and Children, and Unmarried Sons and Daughters
of Permanent Residents: 114,200, plus the number (if any) by which the
worldwide family preference level exceeds 226,000, plus any unused first
preference numbers:

A. (F2A)
Spouses and Children of Permanent Residents: 77% of the overall second
preference limitation, of which 75% are exempt from the per-country limit;

B. (F2B)
Unmarried Sons and Daughters (21 years of age or older) of Permanent Residents:
23% of the overall second preference limitation.

Third:(F3) Married Sons and Daughters of U.S. Citizens:
23,400, plus any numbers not required by first and second preferences.

Fourth:(F4) Brothers and Sisters of Adult
U.S. Citizens: 65,000, plus any numbers not required by first three
preferences.

On the chart below, the listing of a date for any class
indicates that the class is oversubscribed (see paragraph 1); “C”
means current, i.e., numbers are available for all qualified applicants; and
“U” means unavailable, i.e., no numbers are available. (NOTE: Numbers
are available only for applicants whose priority date isearlier than the cut-off date listed below.)

Family- Sponsored

All Chargeability Areas Except Those
Listed

CHINA- mainland born

INDIA

MEXICO

PHILIPPINES

F1

22JUL04

22JUL04

22JUL04

01APR93

08FEB97

F2A *

15FEB09

15FEB09

15FEB09

01DEC08

15FEB09

F2B

01AUG03

01AUG03

01AUG03

22NOV92

15JUL01

F3

22SEP01

22SEP01

22SEP01

08DEC92

22JUN92

F4

15JUN00

15JUN00

15JUN00

22APR96

22AUG88

*NOTE: For November, F2A numbers EXEMPT from per-country limit are available to applicants from all
countries with priority dates earlier than 01DEC08. F2A numbers SUBJECT to per-country
limit
 are
available to applicants chargeable to all countries EXCEPT MEXICO with priority dates beginning 01DEC08
and earlier than 15FEB09. (All F2A numbers provided for MEXICO are exempt from the per-country limit;
there are no F2A numbers for MEXICO
subject to per-country limit.)

5. Section 203(b) of the INA prescribes preference
classes for allotment of Employment-based immigrant visas as
follows:         

EMPLOYMENT-BASED PREFERENCES

First: Priority Workers: 28.6% of the worldwide
employment-based preference level, plus any numbers not required for fourth and
fifth preferences.

Second: Members of the Professions Holding Advanced Degrees or
Persons of Exceptional Ability: 28.6% of the worldwide employment-based
preference level, plus any numbers not required by first preference.

Third: Skilled Workers, Professionals, and Other Workers: 28.6%
of the worldwide level, plus any numbers not required by first and second
preferences, not more than 10,000 of which to “*Other Workers”.

Fourth: Certain Special Immigrants: 7.1% of the worldwide level.

Fifth: Employment Creation: 7.1% of the worldwide level, not
less than 3,000 of which reserved for investors in a targeted rural or
high-unemployment area, and 3,000 set aside for investors in regional centers
by Sec. 610 of Pub. L. 102-395.

On the chart below, the listing of a date for any class
indicates that the class is oversubscribed (see paragraph 1); “C”
means current, i.e., numbers are available for all qualified applicants; and
“U” means unavailable, i.e., no numbers are available. (NOTE: Numbers
are available only for applicants whose priority date isearlier than the cut-off date listed below.)

Employment- Based

All Charge-ability Areas Except Those
Listed

CHINA- mainland born

INDIA

MEXICO

PHILIPPINES

1st

 C

C

C

C

C   

2nd

 C

01NOV07

01NOV07

C

C           

3rd

22DEC05

22AUG04

22JUL02

22DEC05

22DEC05

Other Workers*

15NOV05

22APR03

15JUN02

15NOV05

15NOV05

4th

C

C

C

C

C      

Certain Religious Workers

C

C

C

C

C      

5th    
Targeted Employment Areas/Regional
Centers
 and Pilot Programs

C

C

C

C

C

*Employment Third Preference Other Workers Category:
Section 203(e) of the Nicaraguan and Central American Relief Act (NACARA)
passed by Congress in November 1997, as amended by Section 1(e) of Pub. L.
105-139, provides that once the Employment Third Preference Other Worker (EW)
cut-off date has reached the priority date of the latest EW petition approved
prior to November 19, 1997, the 10,000 EW numbers available for a fiscal year
are to be reduced by up to 5,000 annually beginning in the following fiscal year.
This reduction is to be made for as long as necessary to offset adjustments
under the NACARA program. Since the EW cut-off date reached November 19, 1997
during Fiscal Year 2001, the reduction in the EW annual limit to 5,000 began in
Fiscal Year 2002.

6. The Department of State has a recorded message with
visa availability information which can be heard at: (202) 663-1541. This
recording is updated on or about the tenth of each month with information on
cut-off dates for the following month.

B. DIVERSITY IMMIGRANT (DV) CATEGORY

Section 203(c) of the INA provides up to 55,000
immigrant visas each fiscal year to permit additional immigration opportunities
for persons from countries with low admissions during the previous five years.
The NACARA stipulates that beginning with DV-99, and for as long as necessary,
up to 5,000 of the 55,000 annually-allocated diversity visas will be made
available for use under the NACARA program. This resulted in reduction of the DV-2012 annual
limit to 50,000
. DV visas are divided among six geographic
regions. No one country can receive more than seven percent of the available
diversity visas in any one year.

For November, immigrant numbers in the
DV category are available to qualified DV-2012 applicants chargeable to all regions/eligible
countries as follows. When an allocation cut-off number is shown, visas are
available only for applicants with DV regional lottery rank numbers BELOW the specified allocation cut-off
number:

Region 

All DV Chargeability Areas Except Those
Listed Separately

 

AFRICA

13,000

Except: Egypt
8,000
Ethiopia 10,000
Nigeria
10,000

ASIA

10,000

 

EUROPE

11,000

 

NORTH AMERICA
(BAHAMAS)

4

 

OCEANIA

500

 

SOUTH AMERICA,
and the CARIBBEAN

550

 

Entitlement to immigrant status in the DV category lasts
only through the end of the fiscal (visa) year for which the applicant is
selected in the lottery. The year of entitlement for all applicants registered
for the DV-2012 program ends as of September 30, 2012. DV visas may not be
issued to DV-2012 applicants after that date. Similarly, spouses and children
accompanying or following to join DV-2012 principals are only entitled to
derivative DV status until September 30, 2012. DV visa availability through the
very end of FY-2012 cannot be taken for granted. Numbers could be exhausted
prior to September 30.

C. ADVANCE NOTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY
(DV) IMMIGRANT CATEGORY RANK CUT-OFFS WHICH WILL APPLY IN DECEMBER

For December,
immigrant numbers in the DV category are available to qualified DV-2012
applicants chargeable to all regions/eligible countries as follows. When an
allocation cut-off number is shown, visas are available only for applicants
with DV regional lottery rank numbers BELOW the specified allocation cut-off
number:

Region

All DV Chargeability Areas Except Those
Listed Separately

 

AFRICA

18,500

Except:
Egypt 12,700
Ethiopia 13,500
Nigeria
12,000

ASIA

15,000

 

EUROPE

13,500

 

NORTH
AMERICA               

(BAHAMAS)

5

 

OCEANIA

575

 

SOUTH AMERICA,
and the CARIBBEAN

600

 

D. CHINA-MAINLAND BORN AND INDIA
EMPLOYMENT-BASED SECOND PREFERENCE VISA AVAILABILITY IN THE COMING MONTHS

The November Employment-based Second preference cut-off
date for applicants from China
and India
is the most favorable since August 2007.  This advancement is expected to
generate significant levels of demand based on new filings for adjustment of
status at U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services offices.  While
significant future cut-off date movements are anticipated, they may not be made
on a monthly basis.  Readers should not expect such movements to be the
norm throughout the fiscal year, and an eventual retrogression of the cut-off
at some point during the year is a distinct possibility.

E. OBTAINING THE MONTHLY VISA BULLETIN

The Department of State’s Bureau of Consular Affairs
publishes the monthly Visa Bulletin on their website at www.travel.state.gov under the Visas
section. Alternatively, visitors may access the Visa Bulletin directly by going
to:

http://www.travel.state.gov/visa/bulletin/bulletin_1360.html.

To be placed on the Department of State’s E-mail
subscription list for the “Visa Bulletin”, please send an E-mail to the
following E-mail address:

listserv@calist.state.gov

and in the message body type:
Subscribe Visa-Bulletin First
name/Last name

(example: Subscribe Visa-Bulletin Sally
Doe)

To be removed from the Department of State’s E-mail
subscription list for the “Visa Bulletin”, send an e-mail message to the
following E-mail address:

listserv@calist.state.gov

and in the message body type:
Signoff Visa-Bulletin

The Department of State also has available a recorded
message with visa cut-off dates which can be heard at: (202) 663-1541. The
recording is normally updated by the middle of each month with information on
cut-off dates for the following month.

Readers may submit questions regarding Visa Bulletin
related items by E-mail at the following address:

VISABULLETIN@STATE.GOV

(This address cannot be used to subscribe to the Visa
Bulletin.) 

Department of State Publication 9514

CA/VO: October 5, 2011

 

MANDAMUS LITIGATION AGAINST DOL TO ADDRESS DELAYS IN PREVAILING WAGE DETERMINATIONS AND LABOR CERTIFICATIONS @Legal Action Center

The Legal Action Center issued a practice advisory addressing the filing of a mandamus action in federal district court when the Department of Labor (DOL) has unreasonably delayed issuing a Prevailing Wage Determination (PWD) or adjudicating a labor certification application filed pursuant to the PERM (Program Electronic Review Management) regulations. 

Frequently Asked Questions Regarding Entrepreneurs and the Employment-Based Second Preference Immigrant Visa Category (EB-5 and EB-2)

VIA USCIS

Employment-Based Second Preference Immigrant Visa Category 
Frequently Asked Questions Regarding Entrepreneurs and the Employment-Based Second Preference Immigrant Visa Category

Questions and Answers

Q1. Where can I find the laws governing the Employment Based Second Preference (EB-2) Immigrant Visa Category?
A1. The statutory requirements may be found in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) at Section 203(b)(2).  The regulatory requirements may be found in the Title 8 Code of Federal Regulations (8 CFR) at section 204.5(k).

Q2. What is the EB-2 Immigrant Visa Category?
A2. Congress created the employment-based second preference visa category with the Immigration Act of 1990. This classification includes:

Members of the professions holding advanced degrees or their equivalent, and
Individuals who because of their exceptional ability in the sciences, arts, or business will substantially benefit prospectively the national economy, cultural or educational interests, or welfare of the United States, and whose services in the sciences, arts, professions, or business are sought by an employer in the United States.
Q3. Does anyone with an advanced degree qualify for an EB-2 Immigrant Visa?
A3. No, not every individual with an advanced degree will qualify.  It must be demonstrated that the occupation is a profession.  The term “profession” is defined by 8 CFR 204.5(k)(2) as any occupation for which a U.S. baccalaureate degree or its foreign equivalent is the minimum requirement for entry into the occupation.  Occupations include but are not limited to architects, engineers, lawyers, physicians, surgeons, and teachers in elementary or secondary schools, colleges, academics, or seminaries.

Q4. Can an entrepreneur qualify as a member of a profession holding an advanced degree?
A4. Yes.  An entrepreneur can qualify if the:

Entrepreneur will be working for a U.S. employer who files a petition on the entrepreneur’s behalf
Entrepreneur is a member of the profession holding an advanced degree or foreign equivalent degree
Underlying position requires, at a minimum, a professional holding an advanced degree or the equivalent
Petitioning employer has received an individual labor certification from the Department of Labor; and
Entrepreneur meets all the specific job requirements listed on the individual labor certification
Q5. Can an entrepreneur qualify as an individual of exceptional ability in the sciences, arts, or business?
A5. Yes.  An entrepreneur can qualify if the:

Entrepreneur will be working for a U.S. employer who files a petition on the entrepreneur’s behalf
Entrepreneur will be working in the sciences, arts, or business
Entrepreneur has exceptional ability in the sciences, arts, or business
Entrepreneur will substantially benefit prospectively the national economy, cultural or educational interests, or welfare of the United States
Petitioning employer has received an individual labor certification from the Department of Labor; and
Entrepreneur meets all the specific job requirements listed on the individual labor certification.
Q6. Why is a labor certification required to qualify for an EB-2 Immigrant Visa Category?
A6. The labor certification process exists to protect U.S. workers and the U.S. labor market by ensuring that foreign workers seeking immigrant visa classifications are not displacing equally qualified U.S. workers. 

Q7. How is exceptional ability defined?
A7. 8 CFR 204.5(k)(2) defines exceptional ability as degree of expertise significantly above that ordinarily encountered in the sciences, arts, or business.

Q8. How can an entrepreneur establish that he or she has exceptional ability in the sciences, arts, or business?
A8. First, the entrepreneur would need to establish that they meet at least three of the criteria found at 8 CFR 204.5(k)(3)(ii).  The criteria are:

(A) An official academic record showing that the beneficiary has a degree, diploma, certificate, or similar award from a college, university, school, or other institution of learning relating to the area
of exceptional ability
(B) Evidence in the form of letter(s) from current or former employer(s) showing that the beneficiary has at least ten years of full-time experience in the occupation for which he or she is being sought
(C) A license to practice the profession or certification for a particular profession or occupation
(D) Evidence that the beneficiary has commanded a salary, or other remuneration for services, which demonstrates exceptional ability
(E) Evidence of membership in professional associations; or
(F) Evidence of recognition for achievements and significant contributions to the industry or field by peers, governmental entities, or professional or business organizations

It should be noted that, as set forth in subparagraph (A) above, the regulation requires that the alien (in this case, the entrepreneur) have a degree “relating to” the area of exceptional ability.  This means that the entrepreneur’s degree need not be in the same field of claimed exceptional ability, but only that it be related to that field.  For example, an entrepreneur seeking to start an internet-related business and who claims exceptional ability in that field might qualify with a degree in computer science, network technology, or certain areas of business.

Second, the entrepreneur must demonstrate that he or she has a degree of expertise significantly above that ordinarily encountered in the sciences, arts, or business.

Q9. If an entrepreneur is unable to provide documentary evidence that he or she meets at least three of the six regulatory criteria for exceptional ability, can he or she submit other evidence to demonstrate exceptional ability in the sciences, arts or business?
A9. Yes.  8 CFR 204.5(k)(3)(iii), states:

If the above standards do not readily apply to the beneficiary’s occupation, the petitioner may submit comparable evidence to establish the beneficiary’s eligibility.

Comparable evidence is to be accorded the same weight as evidence submitted in support of the criteria listed above.  Irrespective of the type of evidence presented, the entrepreneur has the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence (i.e. more likely than not), his or her eligibility for the EB-2 visa classification.  USCIS will take into account the totality of the circumstances when reviewing the evidence provided.  

When comparable evidence is presented, the entrepreneur must explain how and why the regulatory criterion for which comparable evidence is being submitted does not readily apply to his or her occupation. 

There is no limitation on the type of comparable evidence the entrepreneur may present; instead, the focus is on the quality of the evidence presented and how it compares to the regulatory criterion for which it is being substituted.  For example, the entrepreneur might demonstrate such past achievements as his or her successful history in obtaining venture capital funding from reputable sources, or his or her past participation in incubators (entities that provide resources, support, and assistance to entrepreneurs to foster the development and growth of an idea or enterprise) that have high evaluative standards for participation.

Q10. How does an entrepreneur show that he or she will substantially benefit prospectively the national economy, cultural or educational interests, or welfare of the United States?
A10. Entrepreneurs should discuss which element(s) (national economy, cultural or educational interest, or welfare of the United States) the entrepreneurial enterprise is claimed to benefit.  For example, the educational interests of the United States may be met by an entrepreneurial enterprise that establishes tutoring instruction learning centers throughout the United States.
 
As another example, the entrepreneur could demonstrate that at least one aspect of the welfare of the United States will be “substantially” better off were the entrepreneurial enterprise to be located in the United States.  It should be noted that the term “welfare” as used by the statute is a broad concept and could refer to any number of areas. 

NATIONAL INTEREST WAIVER

Q11. Is there a “national interest waiver” (NIW)?  And if so, what is it?  Can an entrepreneur qualify for a NIW?
A11. Yes.  A NIW exempts the petitioner from the normal requirement of a job offer, and thus from obtaining a labor certification from the U.S. Department of Labor.  Entrepreneurs, if they qualify, can obtain a waiver of the job offer requirement if it is in the national interest.  

Q12. If an entrepreneur wants to file for a NIW, does he or she still have to be a member of the profession holding an advanced degree or an individual of exceptional ability?
A12. Yes.  The entrepreneur must first demonstrate that he or she is either a member of the profession holding an advanced degree or an individual of exceptional ability.

Q13. If an entrepreneur wants to file fo
r a NIW must he or she have an actual employer in the United States?
A13. No.  Pursuant to INA 203(b)(2)(B), an entrepreneur does not need to have an actual job offer from a U.S. employer if he or she qualifies for a NIW.  In other words, an entrepreneur may be able to petition for him or herself and fill the role of both the petitioner and beneficiary.  The law provides that the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security may, if he or she deems it to be in the national interest, waive the requirements that an individual’s services in the sciences, arts, professions, or business be sought by an employer in the United States. 

Q14. Is there a definition of “national interest”?
A14. The term “national interest” is not defined in the statute or the regulations, and Congress did not specifically define the phrase in the relevant legislative history.  However, USCIS issued a precedent decision concerning NIWs, Matter of New York State Dept. of Transportation, 22 I&N Dec. 215 (Comm. 1998) (NYSDOT). 

While NYSDOT does not involve an entrepreneur, the decision contemplates that entrepreneurial or self-employed beneficiaries may qualify for the NIW under limited circumstances.  Footnote 5 in the decision states:

The Service acknowledges that there are certain occupations wherein individuals are essentially self-employed, and thus would have no U.S. employer to apply for a labor certification…[T]he petitioner still must demonstrate that the self-employed alien will serve the national interest to a substantially greater degree than do others in the same field.

NYSDOT lays out a three pronged test for NIW applicants to qualify for a waiver of the job offer requirement.
 
Q15. What are the three prongs laid out in the NYSDOT decision?
A15.


1. The waiver applicant must seek employment in an area that has substantial intrinsic merit.
2. The waiver applicant must demonstrate that the proposed benefit to be provided will be national in scope. 
3. The waiver applicant must demonstrate that it would be contrary to the national interest to potentially deprive the prospective employer of the services of the waiver applicant by making available to U.S. workers the position sought by the waiver applicant.

Stated another way, the petitioner, whether the U.S. employer or the NIW applicant, must establish that the entrepreneur will serve the national interest to a substantially greater degree than would an available U.S. worker having the same minimum qualifications.

Q16. How does the first prong of NYSDOT relate to entrepreneurs?
A16. Under the first prong of the NYSDOT test, the entrepreneur must seek employment in an area that has substantial intrinsic merit.  It is important for the entrepreneur to focus on the proposed employment rather than the entrepreneur’s qualifications.  In NYSDOT, the beneficiary was a structural engineer working on highway bridges. This activity was found to have substantial intrinsic merit. 

Q17. How does the second prong of NYSDOT relate to entrepreneurs?
A17. The second prong of the NYSDOT test requires that the entrepreneur demonstrate that the proposed benefit to be provided will be national in scope.  For example, the entrepreneur might be able to demonstrate that the jobs his or her business enterprise will create in a discrete locality will also create (or “spin off”) related jobs in other parts of the nation.  Or, as another example, the entrepreneur might be able to establish that the jobs created locally will have a positive national impact.  As described below, and as the law contemplates, USCIS will give due consideration to entrepreneurs who establish that their entrepreneurial enterprise will serve the national interest to a substantially greater degree than the work of others in the same field.

Q18. How does the third prong of NYSDOT relate to entrepreneurs?
A18. NYSDOT’s third prong is best understood in light of the labor certification process and the assumed benefit that it provides to the United States.  An individual seeking an exemption from this process must present a national benefit so great as to outweigh the national interest inherent in the labor certification process.  NYSDOT’s third prong requires that the entrepreneur “present a significant benefit to the field of endeavor.”  The field should be the same as that identified in prong one of the analysis and the entrepreneur must document how the entrepreneurial enterprise will benefit that field.

NYSDOT states:


“In all cases, while the national interest waiver hinges on prospective national benefit, it clearly must be established that the beneficiary’s past record justifies projections of future benefit to the national interest. The petitioner’s subjective assurance that the beneficiary will, in the future, serve the national interest cannot suffice to establish prospective national benefit if the beneficiary has few or no demonstrable achievements.”

The entrepreneur who demonstrates that his or her business enterprise will create jobs for U.S. workers or otherwise enhance the welfare of the United States may qualify for an NIW.  For example, the entrepreneur may not be taking a job opportunity from a U.S. worker but instead may be creating new job opportunities for U.S. workers.   The creation of jobs domestically for U.S. workers may serve the national interest to a substantially greater degree than the work of others in the same field.





Last updated:08/02/2011

Transcript: Press Conference on Initiatives to Promote Startup Enterprised and Spur Job Creation, Aug. 2, 2011

Press Conference
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
Aug. 2, 2011
USCIS ANNOUNCES INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE STARTUP ENTERPRISES
AND SPUR JOB CREATION
Press Conference
Moderator: Edna Ruano, Chief, Office of Communications
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS
August 2, 2011
3 P.M. EDT
Coordinator: Welcome and thank you for standing by. At this time, all participants are in a
listen only mode until the question and answer session. If you would like to
ask a question at that time, please press star 1 on your touchtone phone and
clearly record your name when prompted. Todays’ conference is being
recorded. If you have any objections, you may disconnect at this time.
 I’d like to go ahead and turn the call over to your host for today, (Edna
Ruano), USCIS Chief of the Office of Communications. You may begin.
(Edna Ruano): Thank you, Jose. This is (Edna Ruano), the Chief of the Office of
Communications. I am happy to welcome everybody onto the phone call. As
to the format and the time frame, we have about 30 minutes with USCIS
Director Alejandro (Ali) Mayorkas. So we will have him introduce the topic
of today’s announcement and then open it up to questions when his remarks
are finished.
 Thank you again for joining us today.